Molecular screening for presence mobile NDM-1 gene in Imipenem-Resistant Escherichia coli strains isolated from Laboratories environment

Abstract

The production of the metallo-$\beta$-lactamase (MBL) enzyme, which generates the emergence of Carbapenem resistance in Gram-negative isolates.

Imipenem-resistant Escherichia coli isolates has been studied in this project, which will run from October 2020 to December 2020 in 3 microbiological laboratories chosen by the Ministry of Science and Technology.

One or more antibiotics were resistant in all isolates (100%) at all times. One hundred percent of the isolates had a profile of multi-drug resistance. All found to be resistant to ceftazidime, ampicillin, and ampicillin with clavulanic acid. The most resistance was detected against ampicillin.

Escherichia coli isolates that were imipenem-resistant were investigated. These were tested using phenotypic tests such as the double combined disc diffusion test for the production of metallo-$\beta$-lactamase (MBL) (CDDT). The gene NDM-1 was molecularly confirmed using PCR.

33.3% (10/31) of the 30 Escherichia coli isolates were identified to generate NDM-1, and 63% (19/31) exhibited imipenem-resistant. Depending on the PCR technique and the combined disk test.

The importance of strengthening the biosafety program and policies in laboratories is highlighted by this study. Implement and revalidate protocols at regular intervals are most acceptable related biosafety and biosecurity. Contamination in microbiology laboratories can be totally eliminated, it can be managed to reduce both its frequency of occurrence and seriousness of its consequences by introducing good laboratory practice.

Key words: Escherichia coli - antibiotic resistant - Carbapenem - NDM- molecular detection

المقدمة (Introduction)

(العمود الأيسر):

Antimicrobial resistance, particularly among harmful bacteria, has been developing since the invention of antibiotics. AMR has expanded over the past few years and now poses a threat on a worldwide scale. By 2050, it is anticipated that AMR would be responsible for 10 million fatalities annually due to an incomplete understanding of the components involved and the lack of strategies to counteract it (O'Neill J. et al., 2019). Use of antimicrobial medications excessively and inappropriately, which might result in harmful bacteria developing resistance, is one of the key contributing elements to this problem. AMR, on the other hand, can spread across bacteria by horizontal gene transfer. Commensal bacteria are particularly significant in this situation (Singh AK. et al., 2018).

Due to their stability even in the presence of ESBLs and Ampicillin, carbapenems like Imipenem, Meropenem, and Ertapenem are widely employed as last resort antibiotics against MDR Enterobacteriaceae clinical isolates (Sheu, etal., 2019).