Cross-Sectional Study: Relationship Between Primary Hypothyroidism and Iron Deficiency Anemia

Abstract

Primary hypothyroidism is a prevalent endocrine disorder that can impact various physiological systems, including hematopoiesis. Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a common comorbidity in hypothyroid patients due to impaired iron absorption and metabolism. Despite this association, the relationship between primary hypothyroidism and IDA remains under-explored, especially in developing countries like Iraq.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the relationship between primary hypothyroidism and iron deficiency anemia and to assess iron-related parameters including serum iron, ferritin, TIBC, and hemoglobin levels among affected patients in Mosul, Iraq.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from January to May 2025, involving 90 patients diagnosed with primary hypothyroidism. Patients who suffer other types of anemia. And for secondary reasons. Excluded. Laboratory tests will include measuring TSH, freeT3,freeT4 and Hemoglobin. Serum Iron. And the serum ferritin. TIBC. Statistical analysis. Conducted to distinguish the relationship. Among the functions of the thyroid gland. Iron status in selected patients.

Results: Moral percentage of patients who suffer from primary hypothyroidism. Showed a decrease in hemoglobin level, the serum is iron. And serum ferritin. With height. TIBC. Statistical analysis. Showed strong reverse relationship between the TSH. Level and iron biochemical parameters.  This shows a strong clinical relationship Anemia and thyroid dysfunction.

Conclusion: The results support the strong and close relationship between primary hypothyroidism and iron deficiency. Continuous screening for iron deficiency anemia. In hypothyroidism. It is essential to improve clinical outcomes.