The risks of crude oil leakage into the soil, the consequences of petroleum hydrocarbon pollution, and ways to combat it safely

Abstract

The use of crude oil is a good way to provide a high standard of living and prosperity. However, it has become a disaster for the land and water environment and the atmosphere with its harmful effects, as it contains materials that are harmful to the environment and organisms such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) which led to serious injuries such as mutations and cancer. Since crude oil leaks into the soil more, it causes great damage to the soil and this has become a concern for human health and other living organisms, including plants that are a food source for humans and animals. For this reason, multiple technologies have been invented to eliminate the damage caused by crude oil pollution, and research is still ongoing to reach solutions and treatments that are more beneficial and less costly. The most prominent of these methods is treatment using synergistic use between microorganisms and plants, noting that there are other methods of treatment such as physical, chemical and thermal, but they have many disadvantages, the most important of which is the high financial cost